Stainless Steel 431 vs. 316: Key Differences and Applications

As explained by The Piping Mart in their article, “Stainless Steel 431 vs 316 – What’s the Difference”, selecting the right stainless steel for your project requires a clear understanding of the properties of various grades. Stainless steel 431 and 316 are two popular choices, each with distinct characteristics and advantages.
Stainless Steel 431 is a high chromium-low nickel grade known for its superior corrosion and heat resistance. It withstands temperatures up to 870°C (1600°F) and offers high tensile strength, making it ideal for heavy-duty applications like valves, fasteners, and marine components. Additionally, it boasts better machinability and weldability due to its higher sulfur and lower carbon content.
Stainless Steel 316, on the other hand, excels in extreme environments like coastal areas or those involving corrosive liquids and gases. Its resistance to acids, alkalis, and stress cracking makes it a go-to choice for machinery exposed to harsh conditions. Unlike 431, 316 stainless steel is easily weldable and provides balanced performance for general use.
The primary differences include:
Corrosion Resistance: 431 outperforms 316 due to its higher chromium content.
Strength: 431 is tougher, making it better suited for high-stress applications.
Machinability and Weldability: 431 excels here, but it comes at a higher cost.
Cost: 431 is more expensive than 316 due to its premium composition.
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Article with all rights reserved, courtesy of The Piping Mart.